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Teasing and Bullying: Unacceptable Behavior. The TAB program: helping children to take responsible action proven to change attitude (with a focus on stuttering)

Author(s): Marilyn Langevin

Publisher: Institute for Stuttering Treatment and Research

Type of Resource: Facilitation Guide (lesson plans/interactive activities/worksheets)

Target Grades: 3 to 6

Canadian Resource? Yes

Resource formally evaluated? Yes

What is the source, internet link, or article title for viewing the formal evaluation of this resource? www.tab.ualberta.ca/research.htm

Ministry of Education Expectations

Subject Areas:language, the arts, health and physical education, science and technology, social studies, religion, family life

Expectations Met:

GRADE THREE

Language: Writing

Write materials that show a growing ability to express their points of view and to reflect on their own experiences (e.g., journal notes)

Choose words that are most appropriate for their purpose (e.g., express a feeling)

Language: Reading

Express clear responses to written materials, relating the ideas in them to their own knowledge and experience and to ideas in other material they have read

Begin to develop their own opinions by considering some ideas from various written materials

Language: Oral and Visual Communication

Apply the rules for working with others

Rephrase to clarify their ideas (e.g., what I meant was, when I think about)

Speak on a variety of topics in classroom discussions using some specialized language (e.g., metres in measurement), and select words carefully to convey their intended meaning

Use appropriate volume, tone of voice, gestures, and stance when speaking, making a presentation, or reading aloud

Contribute ideas appropriate to the topic in group discussion and listen to the ideas of others

The Arts: Drama and Dance

Communicate, through movement, their thoughts and feelings about topics studied in other subject areas (e.g., create a movement sequence to express their fear of an environmental event such as a storm)

Health and Physical Education: Healthy Living

List safety procedures and practices in the home, school, and community

Use a problem-solving process to identify ways of obtaining support for personal safety in the home, school, and community

Identify examples of real and fictional violence (e.g., schoolyard fights, cartoons, movies)

Health and Physical Education: Active Participation

Demonstrate respect for the abilities and feelings of others (e.g., accepting everyone into the group)

Follow the rules of fair play in games and activities (e.g., giving everyone a chance to play)

Communicate positively to help and encourage others

Social Studies: Canada and World Connections: Urban and Rural Communities

Demonstrate awareness of the possible similarities and differences among people, places, and environments

Catholic Education Religion and Family Life

Family Life:

  • exploring our own physical, mental, and emotional growth
  • roles within relationships
  • promises, choices and process of decision-making
  • interdependence of people in society

GRADE FOUR

Language: Writing

Begin to write for more complex purposes (e.g., to present and discuss their opinions and viewpoints, to pose questions, to record information)

Language: Reading

Develop their opinions by reading a variety of materials

Language: Oral and Visual Communication

Ask questions on a variety of topics and respond appropriately to the questions of others

Express and respond to ideas and opinions concisely and clearly

Contribute and work constructively in groups

Use appropriate tone of voice and gestures in social and classroom activities

Listen to others and stay on topic in group discussion

Use appropriate strategies to organize and carry out group projects

Identify strengths and areas for improvement in their own work and that of others

The Arts: Drama and Dance

Identify their own feelings and reactions in various situations, and compare them with those of a character they have portrayed

Health and Physical Education: Healthy Living

Identify the characteristics of healthy relationships (e.g., showing considerations of others’ feelings by avoiding negative communication)

Identify the challenges (e.g., conflicting opinions) and responsibilities in their relationships with family and friends

Apply decision-making and problem-solving skills in addressing threats to personal safety (e.g., from abuse or physical fighting) and injury prevention (e.g., bicycle safety, road safety)

Identify people (e.g., parents, guardians, neighbours, teachers) and community agencies (e.g., Kids’ Help Phone) that can assist with injury prevention, emergency situations, and violence prevention

Health and Physical Education: Active Participation

Apply living skills – such as goal setting, conflict-resolution techniques, and interpersonal skills (e.g., playing fairly, co-operating, behaving respectfully) – to physical activities (e.g., games, gymnastics, dance, outdoor pursuits)

Demonstrate a variety of interpersonal skills (e.g., playing fairly, co-operating, behaving respectfully)

Follow the rules of fair play in games and activities (e.g., displaying good sports etiquette by maintaining self-control whether winning or losing)

Demonstrate respectful behaviour towards others in the group (e.g., speaking kindly, refraining from hurtful comments, acknowledging others’ ideas and opinions)

Catholic Education Religion and Family Life

Religion:

  • respecting dignity of human life through responsible decision-making

Family Life:

  • understanding friendships
  • identifying, making, and keeping commitments

GRADE FIVE

Language: Writing

Use writing for various purposes and in a range of contexts, including school work (e.g., to summarize information from materials they have read, to reflect on their thoughts, feelings, and imaginings)

Language: Oral and Visual Communication

Ask and answer questions on a variety of topics to acquire and clarify information

Express and respond to ideas and opinions concisely, clearly, and appropriately

Contribute and work constructively in groups

Use tone of voice, gestures, and other non-verbal cues to help clarify meaning when describing events, telling stories, reading aloud, making presentations, stating opinions, etc.

Contribute ideas to help solve problems, and listen and respond constructively to the ideas of others when working in a group

Discuss with peers and the teacher strategies for communicating effectively with others in a variety of situations

Health and Physical Education: Healthy Living

Apply strategies to deal with threats to personal safety (e.g., in response to harassment) and to prevent injury (e.g., from physical assault)

Identify strategies to deal positively with stress and pressures that result from relationships with family and friends

Identify factors (e.g., trust, honesty, caring) that enhance healthy relationships with friends, family, and peers

Explain how people’s actions (e.g., bullying, excluding others) can affect the feelings and reactions of others

Apply strategies (e.g., anger management, assertiveness, conflict resolution) to deal with personal-safety and injury-prevention situations (e.g., swarming, threatening, harassment)

Health and Physical Education: Active Participation

Follow the rules of fair play in games and activities (e.g., displaying good sports etiquette by maintaining self-control whether winning or losing)

Catholic Education Religion and Family Life

Religion:

  • right and wrong choices; consequences and responsibilities

Family Life:

  • changes within the family and friendships
  • choices, responsibility and consequences, commitment
  • community, signs of a good community

GRADE SIX

Language: Writing

Use writing for various purposes and in a range of contexts, including school work (e.g., to develop and clarify ideas, to express thoughts and opinions)

Language: Oral and Visual Communication

Ask and answer questions to obtain and clarify information

Express and respond to a range of ideas and opinions concisely, clearly, and appropriately

Contribute and work constructively in groups

Use tone of voice and gestures to enhance the message and help convince or persuade listeners in conversations, discussions, or presentations

Use constructive strategies in small-group discussions (e.g., invite other group members to contribute; ask questions to clarify a point; negotiate to find a basis for agreement)

Follow up on others’ ideas, and recognize the validity of different points of view in group discussions or problem-solving activities

The Arts: Drama and Dance

Provide evidence for their interpretations of personal experiences and events of social significance, which they present through drama and dance, using a variety of research sources

Health and Physical Education: Healthy Living

Determine the influence of various factors (e.g., media, family traditions, allergies) on personal food choices, body image, and self-esteem

Apply a problem-solving/decision-making process to address issues related to friends, peers, and family relationships

Describe and respond appropriately to potentially violent situations relevant to themselves (e.g., threats, harassment, violence in the media)

Health and Physical Education: Active Participation

Follow the rules of fair play in games and activities, and support the efforts of peers to improve their skills

Science and Technology: Life Systems: Diversity of Living Things

Identify inherited characteristics (e.g., eye colour, hair colour) and learned characteristics (e.g., habits of cleanliness)

Catholic Education Religion and Family Life

Family Life:

  • valuing human life through the five stages
  • effective behaviours and emotions in relationships
  • code of behaviour, positive and negative influences in relationships

Toolkit Evaluation:

(where noted: Consistently (C)   Often (O))

Exploring Well-Being Through Relationships

Knowledge

  • Personal growth in and through relationships (C)
  • How healthy relationships support a healthy sense of well-being (C)
  • Differentiate between healthy/equal relationships and relationships that are negative/unequal (C)
  • How the nature of relationships are characterized by growth and change (O)
  • Increase awareness of how actions and choices impact the well being of others (C)
  • Increase awareness of how actions/choices of others impact personal well-being (C)

Skills

  • Explore relationships from personal perspectives and experiences (O)
  • Define values of healthy, supportive and caring relationships (O)
  • Develop personal self-awareness and understanding of well-being (O)
  • Develop and practice mutual empathy (C)
  • Identify and practice values of mutual respect (C)
  • Express personal feelings, thoughts, and experiences (C)
  • Opportunity for classmates to respond empathetically and respectfully (C)
Exploring Social Relations of Violence, Oppression and Equality

Knowledge

  • Knowledge about social structures of inequality, marginalization/exclusion, negative stereotypes, discrimination and violence (O)
  • Develop understanding of the difference between “power over” and “power with” (O)
  • Knowledge about the social relations of equality, inclusion, acceptance and empowerment (O)

Skills

  • Opportunity to personalize knowledge of social relations of oppression and empowerment (O)
  • Engage in gaining a sense of social responsibility for addressing social oppressions/exclusions and for participating in achieving positive social change (C)
Exploring Identity, Gender, and Diversity

Knowledge

  • Knowledge about how values and biases are (can be) used to exclude and cause harm to individuals and groups of individuals (C)

Skills

  • Opportunity for students to identify, explore, and name their own identities, experiences, and values(C)
  • Opportunity for students to develop an understanding and respect for the identities, experiences, and values of their classmates/peers (C)
  • Opportunity for students to engage with and learn form differences and diversity (C)
  • Opportunity for students to express, learn from, and build multiple perspectives on social experiences and diversity (O)
Developing Connections, Creative Thinking and Participation

Knowledge

  • Validation of students’ perspective and knowledge in understanding violence and healthy relationships (O)
  • Strategies for personal and/or social change are offered to students for the promotion of healthy and equal relationships. (O)
  • Engagement in learning conflict resolution and anti-violence strategies (C)
  • Gain in knowledge about choices and actions that promote mutual empowerment and respect (C)
  • Knowledge is shared with students about where and how to seek out help and support (C)

Skills

  • Opportunities to develop and practice their capacity for healthy interactions and connections within the context of the classroom/school (C)
  • Opportunities to work collaboratively with peers to discuss and develop strategies for healthy and equal relationships (C)
  • Experience and practice how to resolve conflict positively (C)
  • Opportunity for the development of supportive connections between students and teachers/adults (C)

Pedagogical Evaluation:

Structure and Format:
  • Research-based introduction
  • Evaluation of the resource (e.g., formal research on the effectiveness of the program
  • Strategies to integrate lessons/activities into the educational curriculum
  • Information guide or scope and sequence of lessons (i.e. how to strategies)
  • Ready to use scripted format
  • Sequential guide or lessons that are user friendly
  • Availability of support to implement the program/resource
  • Accommodations for exceptional students indirectly identified
Teaching/Learning Strategies:

Direct Instruction: whole class and small group

  • Explicit Teaching
  • Demonstration
  • Explicit teaching and use of thinking skills and strategies
  • Explicit teaching and using self-assessment and reflection

Interactive Learning

  • Small-group cooperative learning
  • Small group discussion/debriefing
  • Presentations
  • brainstorming

Indirect Instruction

  • Guided teacher-directed inquiry
  • Guided student-directed inquiry
  • Reflective discussions

Experiential Learning

  • Simulation, role play
  • Case studies/scenarios
Teaching and Learning Activities/Lessons Include:
  • Choice, where possible, in student tasks and assignments
  • Multiple opportunities for practice and feedback.
  • Use of graphic organizers (e.g. Venn diagrams, mind maps, tables)
  • Opportunities to use computer/information literacy skills
  • Opportunities for students to use their learning styles to learn and demonstrate learning
  • Integration of Multiple Intelligences theory to learn and demonstrate their learning.
  • Oral and written reflection/journal writing
Assessment Methods:

Pencil and Paper:

  • Reports
  • Essays

Demonstration/Performance:

  • Class
  • School and community-based projects
  • Skills demonstrations
  • Role playing
  • Simulations

Personal Communication:

  • Journals
  • Students assess their own learning and set specific goals
Other:
  • Parent involvement - information session
  • Parent involvement – letters home to explain program/units
  • Parent involvement – strategies to transfer learning at home
  • Staff training
  • School-wide connections

Strengths Summary:

This resource for grades 3-6 is designed for use with students who have speech problems (mainly stuttering) but also addresses other types of bullying and teasing. The resource provides a thorough background on the topic of bullying and has other research references regarding bullying. It offers realistic and effective strategies to help children understand and cope with stuttering, while offering teachers rules and consequences to implement in the classroom for students who tease and bully.

This program provides organized lesson plans, classroom activities (worksheets and role playing activities), and opportunities for parents to be aware of/involved in the program. It also has a variety of supplementary materials (i.e., posters, video).